CONTENTS
Pedigree work and animal breeding
MONITORING OF THE NUMBER OF CELL POPULATIONS FUR ANIMAL
E.G. Sergeev GNU NIPSC email address: seg06@rambler.ru
The article provides an overview of the monitoring of fur-bearing animals in the period from 2000 to 2020. The article shows the significance of the research that allows us to predict the state and dynamics of the gene pool, to prepare the necessary operational reports on specific farms or regions, on individual species or breeds of animals for any number of years. Marked the leading role of GNU NIPSC as the only Russian organization dedicated to resource monitoring farming and publishes the results in annual collections. In the articles presented in the review, the main topics are: results of monitoring the breed composition of all types of cellular fur animals in the aggregate, as well as individual species (mink, Fox); dynamics of the number of breeding stock in different years and with regular intervals (3, 5, 10 years). During the period under review, changes in the number of operating animal farms were observed in individual regions and Federal administrative districts of the country. The possibilities of using monitoring data to assess the critical state of individual breeds (types) of mink and determine the rating of animal farms both in terms of the number of livestock and production indicators are shown. Keywords: monitoring, dynamics, population, gene pool, fur-bearing animals, analysis of.
Feeding practice and feedstufffor the agricultural animals
THE ROLE OF SYNTHETIC VITAMINS A AND D IN THE DIGESTIBILITY OF NUTRIENTS AND DIET ENERGY IN YOUNG RABBITS
Elizaveta G. Kvartnikova, Gleb Yu. Kosovsky, Michail P. Kvartnikov V.A. Afanasiev Research Institute of Fur and Rabbit Farming
Experimental studies were conducted in 2019 at the V.A. Afanasiev Research Institute of Fur and Rabbit Farming (the departments of Animal Husbandry and Rabbit Breeding and Experimental Rabbit Breeding). A series from three digestive trials showed that at dry feeding, fat and soluble carbohydrates (nitrogen-free extractives, NFE) are the best digestible matters, over 90% and 80%, respectively, while fibre is the less digestible matter, 14% or less, at that some animals cannot digest it at all. Hence a producer of a diet for growing rabbits should keep in mind that the level of fibre in it should not exceed 14%. The supplementation of a complete diet with vitamin A in the amount of 500 ME/100 g contributed to an increase in the coefficients of digestibility of organic matter, protein and fiber in the diet of young rabbits, and with vitamin D in the amount of 150 ME/100 g - the coefficients of digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, protein, minerals, soluble carbohydrates, fiber, gross energy. But at the same time, rabbits of all groups received, excreted with feces, and digested the same amount of all nutrients and gross energy. The addition of both vitamin A and vitamin D to the diet increased their excretion with feces, but the level of vitamin a deposition in the liver did not change, and the level of vitamin D increased more than twice. This phenomenon can be used to convert the synthetic vitamin D into its organic form in order to make rabbit liver a commercially attractive food product. The dynamics of live weight of rabbits and its average daily increase did not significantly differ between groups throughout the series of the digestive trials and corresponded to the reference values for growing Soviet Chinchilla rabbits. Keywords: digestibility coefficient; fat soluble vitamins; balance of vitamins; dry type of feeding; young rabbits.
THE USE OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN FEEDING YOUNG CARNIVORES UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF PRIMORSKY KRAI
N.T. Rasskazova1, E.K. Pulinets1, Z.A. Bunina2 IFSBEI HE Primorskaya SAA 2OOO "Dog Training Center "Nakhodka", Primorsky Krai»
Currently, interest in biologically active drugs of natural origin has specially increased. They have a high biological activity and are made from ecologically clean raw materials. They are practically harmless. And these drugs are cheaper in the production and in the use of synthetic drugs. Comprehensive research has revealed that the bioresources of the Sea of Japan and the Ussuri taiga have a complex of biologically active substances. Scientists have studied their useful properties and developed technologies for preparing preparations of plant and animal origin. All these substances exhibit a great deal of strongly pronounced pharmacological effects. Expensive antibiotics and immunomodulators are synthesized on their basis. Mineral substances and vitamins are a part of many enzymes that are necessary for the manifestation of other physiological processes. The article deals with the effectiveness of using biologically active substances of natural resources in Ussuri taiga and in the Sea of Japan in feeding carnivores in Primorsky Krai. The results of studies are made to determine the chemical composition and the possibility of including in the diet of minks and dogs biologically active substances of processed products extracted from the husk of cedar cones, the bast of Amur cork tree, Schisandra chinensis, the entrails of cucumaria, polypore biomass, and laminaria. The use of these additives had a positive effect on the intensity of growth, increase in body length, size and quality of mink skins. Dogs of Black Russian Terrier were trained faster and better when the Supplement was added to the main diet. The use of biologically active substances isolated from the products of plant processing, marine animals and bees has increased the level of profitability. Keywords: mink, live weight, puppy, trade analysis, supplement, diet.
Veterinary and veterinarian diseases
EPIZOOTIC SITUATION ON RABIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FROM 2010 TO 2019
V.V. Mikhailova1 Spin-code: 30517679,
A.N. Skvortsova 1 Spin- code: 15400353,
M.S. Shishkina 1 Spin- code: 74899560,
T.P. Lobova1 Spin- code: 60759284,
V.L. Kiselev2 Spin-code: 36624906
IFGBI «Central Scientific and Methodological Veterinary Laboratory»
2FSBSI« VA Afanasyev Research Institute of Fur Animal and Rabbit Farming»
This article presents the results of a retrospective analysis of the epizootological situation in the Russian Federation for rabies in the period from 2010 to 2019. Annual data of subject veterinary laboratories were collected and analyzed in the reporting form 4 VET. The analysis of the epidemiological situation of rabies on the territory of the subjects of the Russian Federation was carried out by evaluating the epizootological process using statistical methods for processing the results obtained. The specific structure of rabies cases among animals was studied.
Keywords: rabies, epizootic situation in the Russian Federation, reporting 4 VET.
ULTRASONOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSTICS OF THE ABDOMINAL BODIES OF THE FUR CAVITY OF THE FUR ANIMALS OF THE FAMILY OF THE SUN FINE AT THE “SECTION” OF THE HAIR COVER
D.V. Kladova, N.V. Mantatova
Buryat State Agricultural of Academy named after V. Filippov 670024, Ulan-Ude, ul. Pushkin, 8 e-mail mannat75@yandex.ru
The article presents the results of an ultrasonographic study of the abdominal organs of fur animals of the marten family with pathology of the “section” of the hairline. In cellular fur farming, the “section” of the hairline causes significant economic damage, leading to the appearance of skin defects. The use of ultrasonographic research in fur farming for the diagnosis of various pathologies is relevant, since it allows you to establish various structural changes in organs and tissues in the early stages of the development of pathologies. In the course of the research, it was found that clinically the “section” of the hairline in minks and sables is manifested by a progressive breakdown of the outer, guide and down hair in various parts of the skin, while visual examination of the “cut” skin showed no signs of trauma, scratching, or biting. During an ultrasonographic study of the abdominal organs of fur animals of the marten family, the following was established: the liver parenchyma is homogeneous, hypoechoic, has a coarse-grained structure, the vascular pattern is not changed, the ratio of cpv to pv is 1: 1. In the cavity of the gallbladder anechogenic contents without suspension, the wall is flat. The spleen parenchyma is homogeneous homogeneous with a fine-grained structure. Kidney-shaped kidneys in minks and an ovoid shape in sables, visualization of the organ is good, the ratio of the cortico-medular layer is 1:1, the echogenicity of the parenchyma of the cortical layer of the kidneys is moderately increased. In the cavity of the bladder anechogenic contents without inclusions, the wall is flat. In the study of the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas is not visualized, gases are visualized in the cavity of the stomach and intestines, the folding of the walls is not changed.
Keywords: mink, sable, “section”, ultrasonographic diagnostics, kidneys, liver, structure.
Invitation to discussion
BREED AS BIOTECHNOLOGY
I. G. Lebedev, N.V. Pimenov*, M.A. Lomskov
VGBOU VO MGAVM&B - MVA by K.I. Skryabin sedoyvoron@yandex.ru, pimenovnikolai@yandex.ru, lomskovma@mail.ru
The development of theoretical foundations for the cultivation and domestication of animals is still an urgent problem of domestic animal husbandry. In particular, this question concerns the scientific interpretation of such a biological phenomenon as a breed. This paper reflects a modern approach to understanding the essence of the biotechnological phenomenon of breed organisms, based on the original theoretical and practical research of the authors of this article.
Keywords: breed, anthropogenic environment, genetic isolate, technology.